The first computers were made with woood, levers, and gears
Output from one computer maybe input to another and vice versa
CPU or Computer Processing Unit collects information
A screen is output which converts binary signals into tiny lights and colors that you see
Types of Output
Speaker
Screen
Car motor
Robotic arm
Types of Input
Keyboard
Microphone
Camera
Heartbeat
Touch screen
Storage and Processing
Input is processed through memory then changes it with an algorithm (a series of commands) and sends info out
output
text, photos, vids, games, vr, robot
Data and Binary
Computers utilize ones and zeroes
Wires and circuits are used in a computer to pass around the binary to different parts
One wire(bits) can be:
on or off
yes or no
true or false
1 or 0
More wires = more bits
Binary number system
Binary can count up to any number
The more wires, the more numbers you can store
Text, images, sounds can all be represented with numbers
Binary can represent letters from the alphabet as on or off signals
Images in Binary
Pixels have colors and repped by numbers
Types of Images
Photos
Videos
Graphics
Sound binary
Sound series of vibrations are represented graphically from waveform and are represented by a number
Circuits and Logic
A simple circuit takes electric signal and flips it
The signal that goes in is not the same as the signal that comes out, and so we call this circuit “not”
Complicated circuits take multiple signals and combine them to give different results
A circuit will only give “1” if the first signal and second signal are both “1”
Adder circuits take two bits “1” or “2” and adds them together to calculate the sum
Sum could be:
0+0=00
0+1=01 (these are in binary)
1+1+10 (2)
Put circuits togther side by side to add together much larger numbers
How Computers Work
Input converts physical input to binary info from the outside world and converts it into binary info. There’s memory to store this info, there’s a central processing unit(CPU) and there are output devics that take the info and convert it into physical output.
Input is sent as binary. The CPU calculates how to display the content and requests instruction from memory. The memory tells the CPU how to display with pixels from memory. Finally, the pixelated information is sent in binary to the output.
Hardware and software section
Hardware is cicuits, chips, wires, speakers, plugs.
You cannot see software. code. apps, games, websites, maps
CPU is the master chip that controls all the other parts of the computer